機械加工小常識
文(wen)章出處:行業動態 責任編(bian)輯:東(dong)莞市天泓成型技術有(you)限(xian)公司 閱讀量:- 發表(biao)時(shi)間:2019-07-16
標簽(qian):
機加工行業中每年模具的消耗量價值是各種機床總價值的五倍,可顯而知,機械、冶金、輕工、電子等行業中模具市場是如此的巨大。機械加工工藝過程是由一個或若干個順序排列的工序組成的,而工序又可分為若干個安裝、工位、工步和走刀。那具體的流程是怎樣的呢?以下就由給大家來講解。
機(ji)械(xie)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)是(shi)(shi)一種用加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)機(ji)械(xie)對工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)外形尺寸或(huo)性能進行改(gai)變(bian)的(de)過(guo)程(cheng),按被加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)處(chu)于的(de)溫(wen)度狀態(tai),分(fen)為冷(leng)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)熱(re)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),什么是(shi)(shi)冷(leng)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)熱(re)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)呢?一般在常(chang)溫(wen)下加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),并且不引起工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)化學(xue)或(huo)物相的(de)變(bian)化,就(jiu)叫(jiao)冷(leng)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),反(fan)之(zhi)則是(shi)(shi)熱(re)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。
常(chang)用的(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)器(qi)材有:數(shu)顯銑床(chuang)、數(shu)顯成(cheng)型磨(mo)(mo)床(chuang)、數(shu)顯車(che)床(chuang)、電火花機(ji)、萬(wan)能(neng)磨(mo)(mo)床(chuang)、加(jia)(jia)工(gong)中(zhong)心、激光焊接、中(zhong)走(zou)絲、快走(zou)絲、慢走(zou)絲、外圓磨(mo)(mo)床(chuang)、內圓磨(mo)(mo)床(chuang)、精密(mi)車(che)床(chuang)等,可進行精密(mi)零件的(de)車(che)、銑、刨(bao)、磨(mo)(mo)等加(jia)(jia)工(gong)工(gong)具。精密(mi)機(ji)械加(jia)(jia)工(gong)上用的(de)刀具,卻是非常(chang)講(jiang)究,畢竟低檔的(de)不(bu)但使用壽命(ming)短,而且(qie)鉆出來(lai)的(de)零件精度(du)也不(bu)高,所以現在(zai)國(guo)內生產精密(mi)零部(bu)件的(de)企業,多是要購買外國(guo)進口(kou)的(de)刀具來(lai)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)。
如(ru)何(he)預防(fang)機(ji)械加(jia)(jia)工(gong)切屑對人(ren)體的傷害(hai),根據被加(jia)(jia)工(gong)材料(liao)性質,改變刀具角度或(huo)(huo)增加(jia)(jia)斷(duan)屑裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置,選用(yong)合適(shi)的進給量,將帶狀切屑斷(duan)成小(xiao)段卷狀或(huo)(huo)塊狀切屑,加(jia)(jia)以清除。在刀具上(shang)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)排屑器,或(huo)(huo)在機(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)上(shang)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)護罩、檔板(ban),控制切屑流向(xiang),不致(zhi)傷人(ren)。 高速(su)切削生鐵、銅、鋁材料(liao),除在機(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)上(shang)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)護罩、檔板(ban)以外,操作者(zhe)應配備(bei)防(fang)護眼鏡(jing)。